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Down Syndrome 101 for Pediatric OTs

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1.  Down syndrome involves a duplication or translation of which chromosome(s)?
  1. 25
  2. 21
  3. All 46
  4. 23
2.  How would you assist an infant with Down syndrome during a feeding treatment session?
  1. Ensure appropriate positioning
  2. Check for intact suck-swallow-breathe
  3. Teach caregiver about signs of aspiration and swallowing air
  4. All of the above
3.  During your treatment session, your student with Down syndrome develops weakness of the lower extremities and signs of torticollis. You should consider which of the following:
  1. Atlanto-axial instability
  2. Dyspraxia
  3. Aspiration pneumonia
  4. Motor delay
4.  Which accommodations would NOT be suggested for a student with Down syndrome?
  1. Assignment of a peer buddy
  2. Concrete, visual charts and directions
  3. Use of idioms to teach social skills
  4. Consistency with behavior across the treatment team
5.  What protein encoded on chromosome 21 provides structure in our body?
  1. Carbohydrates
  2. Collagen
  3. Antibodies
  4. None of the above
6.  By ages 50-60 over half of people with Down syndrome will develop:
  1. Diabetes
  2. Endometriosis
  3. Alzheimer's disease
  4. Eosinophilic Esophagitis
7.  Name the most common cardiac condition that co-exists with Down syndrome:
  1. Coronary artery disease
  2. Cardiac arrest
  3. Rheumatic heart disease
  4. Atrial ventricular septal defect
8.  When considering fine motor goals for a child with Down syndrome, which of the following should you remember?
  1. Your student will never be able to develop fine motor skills.
  2. Early intervention makes no difference in the student's eventual function.
  3. Teach adaptation, strengthening, and consider structural abnormalities.
  4. There is no difference in the child's hand vs. a child who does not have Down syndrome.
9.  Atlanto-axial instability (AAI) with or without subluxation has been reported in as many as 10-30% of individuals with Down syndrome. Characteristics of AAI include all of the following EXCEPT:
  1. Weakness can occur in the hands first
  2. Pain, stiff neck, torticollis, gait disorder, progressive paralysis
  3. Compression of cervical roots and/or spinal cord
  4. Tingling, numbness, positive Babinski sign
10.  When setting a goal for a student with Down syndrome as she transitions to the workplace, it is important to consider that:
  1. She will most likely have behavioral tantrums at work
  2. She will do best with regular reviews, structure, and feedback from her supervisor
  3. She will not be able to work since she cannot learn work skills
  4. She will need to be separated from her peers so she will succeed