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Introduction to Torticollis and Plagiocephaly

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1.  Torticollis may be caused by which of the following: Intrauterine positioning Multiple birth pregnancies Trauma during labor and delivery All of the above

2.  Torticollis is formally defined and named by: Ipsilateral head tilt and ipsilateral head rotation Ipsilateral head tilt and contralateral head rotation Contralateral head tilt and ipsilateral head rotation Contralateral head tilt and contralateral head rotation

3.  The progression of plagiocephaly slows down at 6 months of age due to: Ability to sit independently Slowed intrinsic brain growth Complete fusion of cranial sutures Both A and B

4.  A child’s head shape is measured at 7.5% asymmetrical difference and is observed to have facial asymmetries, including eye and ear shift. According to the CHOA Plagiocephaly Severity Scale, this child would be considered to display: Normal head shape Mild plagiocephaly Moderate plagiocephaly Severe plagiocephaly

5.  Contraindications for passive neck range of motion include all the following except: Down Syndrome Shunt Arnold-Chiari malformation Prematurity of birth

6.  A 2-month-old infant showing signs of LEFT torticollis may present with obligatory ATNR, which may lead the infant to self-limit which of the stated: Right hand to mouth Right head rotation Right visual gaze Right palmar grasp

7.  An infant with RIGHT torticollis is placed in prone, he drops his head to the right and gazes left. With the asymmetrical positioning, this child will prefer which of the stated: Pivoting to the left Left arm reaching Weightbearing on left forearm Left hip hike

8.  The ideal age to refer for a cranial helmet is: 1-3 months old 3-5 months old 7-9 months old 10-12 months old

9.  Common facial asymmetries that may be present from plagiocephaly and torticollis influences are: Ear shift on side of tilt Decreased fatty deposits in cheek on side of tilt Bossing of forehead on side of tilt over eye orbit All of the above are possible

10.  Residual torticollis can cause body changes later in life. All are examples of a demonstration of residual torticollis except: Windswept gait Poor visual attention to handwriting at midline Seated scooting mobility Good protective reactions