Question
Why are self-awareness and goal setting key components of executive functioning in traumatic brain injury?
Answer
The areas of executive functioning are problem solving, goal setting, self-awareness, mental flexibility, planning, abstraction/generalization, self-monitering and initiation (Zoltan, 2007). The areas are all intertwined, but individuals can struggle with specific componenets of executive functioning. Characteristic behaviors of individuals with impaired executive functioning are decreased awareness of their deficits and unrealistic planning for the future. I have found that self-awareness and goal setting are key components and often lay the foundation for all of the others. If they have decreased awareness or are unable to set realistic goals for themselves, they are going to have difficulty working on the other deficit areas.
When treating individuals with traumatic brain injury, it is important to provide unstructured activities in as natural environment as possible. Developing an unconditional therapeutic relationship with the client and involving family in the treatment sessions can be extremely beneficial to their recovery. Lastly, community support groups, especially goal setting groups, can be great interventions. These interactions among peers in a natural setting have been found to be very therapeutic.
