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Hypermobility In The Pediatric Population

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1.  Which group of disorders is characterized by defects in collagen production and includes conditions such as Marfan Syndrome and Osteogenesis Imperfecta?
  1. Autoimmune Rheumatological Disorders
  2. Muscular Dystrophies
  3. Heritable Disorders of Connective Tissue (HDCT)
  4. Metabolic Bone Diseases
2.  An occupational therapy practitioner evaluates an asymptomatic 7-year-old child and notes that they display joint hypermobility limited to only three joints. Which classification best fits this presentation?
  1. Generalized Joint Hypermobility (GJH)
  2. Localized Joint Hypermobility (LJH)
  3. Hypermobility Spectrum Disorder (HSD)
  4. Hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome (hEDS)
3.  According to the Beighton Scoring System, what is the minimum score required to indicate a positive result for generalized joint hypermobility in a child before puberty?
  1. 4 out of 9 points
  2. 5 out of 9 points
  3. 6 out of 9 points
  4. 7 out of 9 points
4.  Which of the following co-morbidities is seen alongside joint hypermobility due to the presence of connective tissue in the arterial system, frequently manifesting as dizziness, lightheadedness, and heart palpitations during position changes?
  1. Mast Cell Activation Syndrome (MCAS)
  2. Delayed Gastric Emptying
  3. Urinary Tract Infections
  4. Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS)
5.  For young school-aged children (5–12 years old) who experience poor endurance and finger joint instability during handwriting tasks, which adaptation can an occupational therapy practitioner implement to support the joints and improve writing endurance?
  1. Gentle proximal joint compressions at the shoulders and hips
  2. Sensory stimulation using texture training with sand or rice
  3. Introducing an energy conservation routine such as "legs up the wall"
  4. Implementing plastic oval-8 splints, silver ring splints, or pencil grips