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Ultrasound as a Therapeutic Intervention

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1.  Which of the following is not a feature of sound waves created for therapeutic US? Collimates Gets attenuated in the tissues Created by the inverse piezoelectric effect Travels through the air Can be delivered at 1 MHz

2.  Which of the following is a characteristic of 3 MHz US energy? Travels 4-5 cm deep Travels through the air Delivers less energy per unit of time than 1 MHz US Can be applied only in pulsed mode Travels 2-3 cm deep

3.  Which tissue of the following will absorb the most US energy? Blood Fat Muscle Skin Tendon

4.  Which of the following is FALSE? Calibration of an US machine should be done every 6 months Holding the US applicator at an angle to the skin is appropriate US energy can be refracted by the tissues A BNR of 6:1 or higher means the US energy is evenly distributed Two of the above are false

5.  Which of the following is not a non-thermal effect of ultrasound? Cavitation Streaming Increasing tissue temperature Degranulation of mast cells Increasing cell membrane permeability

6.  Which of the following is not true regarding US and muscle tissue temperature? 1 MHz US will create more heat than 3 MHz US More treatment time typically means more heating 3 MHz US delivers more energy than 1 MHz US The patient should only feel gentle warmth for safe application None are false.

7.  Which of the following is not true about US application? US has a definite positive effect on nerve conduction velocity in human studies. US stimulates angiogenesis US stimulates release of growth factors US can stimulate activity of fibroblasts US can increase tissue temperature

8.  Which of the following is not an indication for US? Wound healing Bone healing Stimulating resorbtion of calcium in a condition like calcific tendonitis Tissue tightness Diabetes

9.  Which of the following is not a parameter that is appropriate for bone healing using US? Pulsed US with 20% duty cycle Low intensity, 30 mW/cm2 Frequency of 3 MHz Daily treatments 20 minute treatment time

10.  Which of the following is not correct about the conduction of US energy? Gel pads are a good conductor of US energy US gel is a good conductor of US energy An air filled balloon is a good conductor of US energy Water is a good conductor of US energy but may remove some heat from the treated tissues Two of the above are false