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Neural Priming for Post-Stroke Upper Limb Hemiparesis

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1.  What is the purpose of neural priming? To facilitate a change in behavior To increase range of motion in the arm To calm the nervous system prior to treatment Assist in training for activities of daily living

2.  Temporary Functional Deafferentation is defined as Improving tactile resolution Applying sensory stimulation techniques Deafferentation of a body part prior to motor training Vibration of the afferent endings to causes heightened response.

3.  Which impairment has been reduced following vibration? Postural insufficiency Soft tissue constrictions Weakness Spasticity

4.  A benefit of movement based priming is: It is selective (i.e. it does NOT include any individuals with seizure disorders, pacemakers, or metal materials from surgery) It is cost-effective It is under strict FDA control It requires a skilled operator

5.  Which priming technique is easy to use when movement is very limited or contraindicated? Sensory deprivation Aerobic exercise Vibration to agonist Imagery based priming

6.  Select the sentence which is true about mirror therapy: It involves observation of the less affected hand through the mirror to experience it as the affected one due to mirror placement. It is occupation based. It uses opposing movements to prime the cortex. It requires sitting or standing in front of the mirror so that the patient can see his/her entire body.

7.  Read the statements and choose the best answer: 1.Priming may induce a change of behavior. 2.Priming can facilitate motor learning 3.Priming is associated with changes in neuroplasticity. 1 is correct 3 is correct 1 and 2 are correct 2 and 3 are correct 1, 2 and 3 are correct

8.  In vibration, decreased spasticity is associated with the following neural mechanism: Increased cortical inhibition in agonist cortical representation Decreased cortical inhibition throughout Increased intercortical inhibition Increased inhibition in antagonist cortical representation

9.  The difference between bilateral priming and bilateral training is: The former uses symmetrical movements and the latter uses asymmetrical. Bilateral training only involves proximal muscles and priming involves distal ones. Bilateral training is a compensatory technique. Bilateral priming is used to prime the cortex prior to motor training while bilateral training uses the bilateral movements as the actual training.

10.  One of the most important findings in the priming research is that: The largest difference between primed and unprimed is at follow-up, indicating that the individual continues to improve after treatment has stopped. It always targets the antagonist. Higher level patients get more benefit. It has a high correlation to ADL independence.