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Electrical Stimulation for Recovery of Function in Neurorehabilitation

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1.  Electrical stimulation (ES) encourages activity in a damaged nervous system. Which of the following is NOT a benefit of activity? Establishment and maintenance of synapses Birth of new neural cells Enhanced bone growth Promotion of functional recovery

2.  "Application of electrical stimulus to a paralyzed muscle to restore of achieve function" describes which of the following uses of ES? Therapeutic ES Functional ES Neuromuscular ES Transcutaneous ES

3.  Which of the following is an indication for the use of ES? Increase circulation Reduce muscle spasm Reduce edema All of the above

4.  A patient with which of the following should NOT receive treatment with ES? Cerebral palsy Paralysis Epilepsy History of cancer away from the stimulation site

5.  Which of the following is stimulated by NMES or FES? Lower motor neuron Upper motor neuron Cerebral cortex Neural synapse

6.  Which of the following best describes the significant ways an electrically driven contraction differs from a physiologically contraction? Electrically elicited contractions are biased and synchronous, resulting in faster fatigue Physiologic contractions use larger motor units first Electrically elicited contractions hurt more than physiologic contractions All of the above

7.  ES contractions result in faster fatigue because: Sensory fibers are also stimulated Electrodes use surface energy Fast fatigue fibers are preferentially recruited Finding the right contraction is hard for therapists

8.  Alterable ES parameters include: Waveform Frequency Amplitude All of the above

9.  High frequency, low pulse width stimulation will preferentially stimulate: Motor nerves Sensory nerves Upper motor neurons Cerebral cortex

10.  "The number of pulses delivered in a second" best describes which parameter? Waveform Pulse Duration Frequency Amplitude