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Innovative Treatments for Patients Post-Stroke Across the Continuum of Care – Evidence-Based Strategies to Improve Outcomes

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1.  Nominal task difficulty is defined as… how difficult the task is for the individual learner how inherently difficult the task is based on training requirements and conditions how challenging it is for a group to perform the task how difficult it would be to replicate the task in another environment

2.  Functional task difficulty is defined as… how difficult the task is for the individual learner how inherently difficult the task is based on training requirements and conditions how challenging it is for a group to perform the task how difficult it would be to replicate the task in another environment

3.  Motor learning is maximized in terms of task difficulty when… the difficulty of the task is fixed and unrelated to the learner’s abilities the difficulty of the task is frequently altered without explanation the learner gives input about the parameters of the task to suit their own abilities the task is set up so that the learner cannot succeed

4.  All of the following are examples of non-verbal forms of explicit feedback/knowledge of results EXCEPT: Viewing a video of the task performance Hearing an unpleasant sound when failing to reach for a target Giving the learner a description of what was correct about their performance Having a target give haptic feedback when pressed

5.  Ideas for multisensory input to help improve motor learning include: Haptic stimuli Auditory stimuli Visual stimuli All of the above

6.  For patients with impaired mobility but high internal motivation, ________ can make a huge impact on their ultimate recovery. well-trained, supportive caregivers adequately spaced rest periods a consistent program of passive range of motion activities access to videos of other successful recoveries

7.  Therapists have a role to play in modeling appropriate goal setting for patients. Which of the following is/are (an) example(s) of reframing a goal that is meaningful to a patient but also attainable? “Your goal is to ‘walk normally’, so lets set a goal for you to walk from your recliner to the bathroom without needing help.” “You want to be able to go to a restaurant with your family, so let’s practice walking up and down a ramp so that you can get into the restaurant, and then scooting sideways in a seated position so you can get into a booth.” Both A & B are correct “Your goal is to ‘just walk again’ so let’s make sure you can walk for as long as you want to.”

8.  Areas, where a therapist can help a patient set appropriate goals, include: Household activities (cooking, laundry, dishes) Hobbies and recreational preferences Community navigation and re-integration All of the above

9.  In a rehab setting with limited access to specialized equipment or support staff, the intensity of tasks can be increased by increasing the ______ of the task while still maintaining patient and therapist safety. Difficulty Spatial distance Auditory feedback Consequences

10.  Telehealth visits can be used strategically for… checking in with patient goal setting and progress ensuring caregivers are providing proper guarding/cueing during tasks taking a “virtual tour” of the patient’s environment to find ways to seamlessly integrate their home program into their lifestyle All of the above